Monday, September 10, 2012

M. R. Rao, CEO, SKS Microfinance Ltd.

Launched in 1998, SKS Microfinance is one of the fastest growing Micro Financial Institutions (MFIs) in the world, which has served more than 5 million women members in poor regions of India till date. Of course, the company has been in the news for the wrong reasons following the unceremonious exit of its ex-CEO Suresh Gurumani. Current CEO M. R. Rao talks about the company’s business model and challenges it faces: 

B&E: What is the maximum amount of loan that can be availed and repayment options available?
MR: All members (clients) are eligible to borrow Rs.12,000 depending upon the activity which the member undertakes in the first year of joining SKS Group. From the second year onward, the loan size is increased by Rs.4,000. Loan repayments follow a weekly repayment schedule. All repayments and fresh disbursements happen during the centre meeting, which is held every week at every center. Our loans are given for a period of 50 weeks.

B&E: What kind of problems do you face while repayment of loans?
MR: SKS enjoys a very strong repayment record and our NPAs are negligible. If a member is unable to repay an instalment, the other members in the group/center share the responsibility for the repayment. The few cases of defaults are usually due to migration or due to some natural calamity.

B&E: What are the rates of interest charged by SKS?
MR: SKS works in 19 states. In Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Orissa, we charge a flat rate of interest at 12.5% and in rest of the states, the flat rate is set at 15% currently. In the newer states where we have started, our rates are a little higher at 15% flat and 26% diminishing. We also charge a loan cover fee of 1% that helps us offer insurance for the loan period.


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.
For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles.
 
IIPM : The B-School with a Human Face
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Saturday, September 08, 2012

No more “Short Cuts”, please!

After growing at a red hot annualised rate of 5.8% in Q1 2010, Canada’s Economic growth has come down to just 2% in Q2, 2010. Canadian policymakers now need to look beyond the ‘short cuts’, be it interest rates or output, if they want the Economy to sustain its growth momentum.

Of the seven industrialised nations that comprise the G7, Canada clearly stands out when it comes to economic recovery from the recent recession. Reason: It not only expanded at an annual pace of 5.8%, but also recovered both the employment and real output losses that accrued over the troubled course, in just one year. No other G7 nation can make an equivalent claim.

However, the party seems to be over for now for this North American nation as the recent economic data out of Canada suggest that its economy might not hold on to the top slot anymore. After growing at a red hot annualised rate of 5.8% in Q1 2010, Canadian economic growth has come down to just 2% in Q2, 2010. While a healthy job market (employment growing at 2.1% yoy) and solid wage growth (4.8% yoy in Q2 2010) should continue to fuel domestic demand, there are several potential headwinds that needs to be avoided. So, with the benefits of the inventory swing (inventory rebuilding had accounted for over 33% of GDP growth in 2009) behind and the boost from government stimulus (over $60 billion in 2009 and 2010) fading, is Canada’s economic boom finally over?

Jay Bryson, Global Economist at Wells Fargo Securities tells B&E, “The strong pace of growth that Canada has been able to realise over the past year led the central bank to take back 75 bps of earlier rate reductions that it believed were no longer necessary. But some of the key factors that helped propel growth during the recovery are no longer providing much help. The consumer, who started out with a fairly decent balance sheet, has become more levered and spending growth has been spotty recently.”

In fact, it has been just one month since Bank of Canada’s (BoC) last rate decision (on September 8, 2010, BoC increased the overnight lending rate to 1%) and just over one week until the next one (perhaps indicating another rate hike), but the risks have already begun to play out in the Canadian economy. The latest employment report, released two days after the last decision, was (after adjustments) the worst since May 2009. As per the report, the average monthly employment gain was just 6,600 in Q3 2010, down from 75,530 in the April to June period.

Housing starts too fell to 1,86,000 units, down nearly 10% from the peak reached last April. Interestingly, in 2009, several people had rushed into the market so that they could take advantage of near zero short-term interest rates and as a result in the 11 months between January and December 2009, existing home sales skyrocketed by almost 66% and prices by more than 21%. But, since the start of 2010, one can clearly see that phenomenon reversing. While sales have corrected by more than 20%, prices too have softened by 3% (as of August 2010).


Source : IIPM Editorial, 2012.
For More IIPM Info, Visit below mentioned IIPM articles.
 
IIPM : The B-School with a Human Face
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Tuesday, September 04, 2012

HERO & HONDA?: BREAK UP PLANS

Speculations abound on the probability of the Hero Honda JV heading for a sudden break up. B&E’s Pawan Chabra does a speed-check on the repercussions of such an event for both players

To both Honda and Hero’s credit, spokespersons from both groups have denied any such development repeatedly in the recent past. But industry analysts comment that’s not quite the case. It has been reported that the Hero Group has set up an SPV for buying Honda’s share and has also contacted a handful of PE players to pick up a stake in the company. However, there have been concerns on the valuations of the share of the company as it is expected that the share price of the company will fall once Honda moves out of the picture and the home-grown Hero group is facing difficulties in clutching a deal. At the current share price of `1,700, the valuation of Honda’s 26% stake comes close to `90 billion.

So what would Honda have to lose? The answer is quite straightforward – the maddeningly huge and extensive distribution, sales and service network that is one of the key differentiating factors for Hero Honda products. One has to note here that Honda has been separately operating in India with its 100% owned subsidiary Honda Motorcycles & Scooters India Limited (HMSI) since 2001. The company has gained ground in the scooter segment in no time with products like Activa, Eterno and Aviator and is also moving very aggressively into the motorcycle space.

“Honda is looking at the bigger picture here (by breaking up the JV, if that happens) and is eying the huge potential of the Indian two-wheeler industry,” said Vaishali Jajoo, auto analyst, Angel Broking. Not only will Honda have to compete with the market leader, the Hero group, but it will also not bank any share of profits from the JV, apart from foregoing royalty payments (in case Hero decides to have its own R&D). For the record, the Japanese auto major rakes in close to 2.5% of sales as royalty fees every year. It is to be mentioned here that the amount of royalty payment to Honda from the Hero Honda JV stood at `4.2 billion in fiscal 2010. In fact, it is expected to rise to around `5 billion in 2011. A report by IDFC Securities comments that after moving out of the JV, it would take at least 3-4 years for HMSI (Honda Motorcycle and Scooter India Ltd) to scale up to a level to challenge the two domestic market leaders. Our analysis is that given the huge odds among the minor evens, it appears impracticable for the duo to separate, at least for the short run. Differences of opinion over royalty payments can easily be sorted out, especially when the synergy between these two has been empirically evidenced and statistically proven. This time, staying married seems the better course...


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Monday, September 03, 2012

RONNIE SCREWVALA, CEO & FOUNDER, UTV GROUP

B&E: Yours is one of the first listed film companies of India. How did that change UTV’s growth radar?
RS: More importantly, we were one of the first ones that attracted private equity in media in India. It was a given that if we brought the private equity at some stage, we would need to list the company. It was just a consequential event; it was not any turning point.

B&E: The conglomerate decided against distributing dividends in the last financial year. Why was that? What is the expectation this time around?
RS: I do not think that media companies have an ordained plan of distributing dividends and dividend is never a high priority. We are not a government company and we are not a company with 70 years in the business. We are a high growth media company that constantly reinvests it’s profitability in other high growth ventures. So our shareholder returns are based on share value and not dividend. Microsoft did not give any dividends for 23 years of its existence...I don’t think they have a bad track record because of that. You need to be in a really placid water or calm water to be a dividend paying company... LIC and GIC give dividends. Companies are not judged on dividends today. Pfizer and other pharma companies with $40 billion or $70 billion revenues, and a stable income with a 3% growth, need to feel that they have to pay dividends because they do not have shareholder growth in value which goes up by 20% or 30% each year. It goes up by 2 or 3%.

B&E: Where do you think your competitors have beaten you?
RS: I believe everyone must look at the Media and Entertainment business as anything but competitive. We really do not spend too much time on a competitive landscape; not because we do not believe that there are people doing different things, it is actually because we are busy analysing how we can grow in the market. Right now, a lot of people are doing a lot of different things, which is going to help the industry. So if there is a youth channel and there are three competitive youth channels, the youth genre has to go up; that is more important than figuring out who is comparing with whom. We are doing 12 movies out of 200 movies that are being made, I can’t go around making 200 movies anyway; somebody is going to make the rest of the movies. So that is not competition.

B&E: What are those strategic mistakes you’ve made in the past that were critical?
RS: Tonnes of them. On a learning curve basis, there would be three in a day. If there were less than that means we are not experimenting, we are not being aggressive...we are not pushing the envelope hard....we are not being adventurous. The pace at which you grow and your ability to take risks is measured by the number of mistakes you make.

B&E: There would be some that you would like to tell us...
RS: I think we missed the first cycle of broadcasting of 1992-95 because we were too busy with the content space. I think we got into the home shopping business way before its time. The infrastructure was very low, credit card penetration was slow and people were not in touch with the field products. The third is probably diversifying into South-east Asian markets in Singapore and Malaysia. The markets were so small and so insular that it was not worth our time and effort.



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Saturday, September 01, 2012

The public sector behemoth SBI

Last year’s slowdown was a blessing in disguise for the public sector behemoth SBI, forcing it to become truly competitive. And the bank has only moved ahead since then. Avneesh Singh finds out how

No doubt, the cost to income ratio of SBI has increased to 52.59% as on March 31, 2010 from 46.62% as on March 31, 2009, but then, the majority of it has been due to higher operating expenses incurred on branch and ATM expansion, recruitment of new employees, et al. “It’s true that our employee cost has gone up during the last fiscal, but it was because of the fact that we were hiring when others were firing,” Bhattacharya tells B&E.

Nevertheless, thanks to some well thought out strategies and the sustained bull run, SBI has become one of the highest value creators among PSUs in recent times. The market capitalisation of SBI zoomed from `155.32 billion in Jan. 2005 to `1.76 trillion in Sep. 2010, an astounding increase of 1,035%. This, along with the proposed merger with its subsidiaries (merger with State Bank of Indore has already been approved by the government), has put SBI in a perfect position to challenge the mights of global banking giants.

Further, while evaluating the performance of SBI, one has to factor in the fact that the bank had always worked with his one hand tied behind its back due to political compulsions. Still, it has managed to change its culture and financial performance. And, as the government has said so often, SBI is certainly working for the common man.


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